Alan Turing

"23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954...
was an English mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, and computer scientist....

Turing's homosexuality resulted in a criminal prosecution in 1952, when homosexual acts were still illegal in the United Kingdom. He accepted treatment with female hormones (chemical castration) as an alternative to prison."

See more at wiki page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing

Channel 4 are doing a documentary called 'Britain's Greatest Codebreaker' on 21 Novemeber 2011
http://www.channel4.com/programmes/britains-greatest-codebreaker